Question 14.
Consider a right-angled triangle ABC, right angled at B. Two circles, each of radius r, are drawn inside the triangle in such a way that one of them touches AB and BC, while the other one touches AC and BC. The two circles also touch each other (see the image below).
If AB = 18 cm and BC = 24 cm, then find the value of r.
Question Explanation
It is given that ABC is a right-angled triangle, where
Now, we can use Pythagoras theorem to calculate the value of AC, which is equal to cm.
Here, we have drawn a common tangent MN, which is perpendicular to BC => Triangle MNC is a right-angled triangle.
It is also be concluded that traingle MNC is similar to traingle ABC
Hence, the ratio of the sides of triangle MNC is the same as the ratio of the sides of triangle ABC.
Thus, AB: BC: AC = MN: NC: MC = 18:24:30 = 3: 4: 5
Let the length of side MN be 3x => the length of NC = 4x, and the length of MC = 5x.
In triangle MNC, the circle inside it is the in circle of triangle MNC.
Thus, the in radius (r) of the circle in triangle MNC = (3x+4x-5x)/2 = x.
We know that BC = BN+NC, where BN is the diameter of the first circle, which is equal to 2r = 2x (since, r = x), and NC = 4x
=> 24 = 2x+4x
=> 6x = 24 => x = 4 cm.
Hence, the radius of the circle (x = r) is 4 cm.
The correct option is B
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