Question 1.

In a group of 250 students, the percentage of girls was at least 44% and at most 60%.The rest of the students were boys. Each student opted for either swimming or running or both. If 50% of the boys and 80% of the girls opted for swimming while 70%of the boys and 60% of the girls opted for running, then the minimum and maximum possible number of students who opted for both swimming and running, are

A
72 and 88, respectively
B
75 and 96, respectively
C
72 and 80, respectively
D
75 and 90, respectively
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Question Explanation

Text Explanation

Total number of students is 250, and we are told that, The percentage of girls was at least 44% and at most 60%.

So the number of girls range from, 0.44(250)Girls0.6(250)0.44\left(250\right)\le Girls\le0.6\left(250\right)

110Girls150110\le Girls\le150

Statement 1: 

If 50% of the boys and 80% of the girls opted for swimming, that means if the total number of Boys is B, Girls is G where B+G=250. 

Swimming is: 0.5B+0.8G

Statement 2: 

If 70%of the boys and 60% of the girls opted for running, that means

Running is 0.7B+0.6G

Total number of enrolments for swimming and running together will be

(0.7B+0.6G)+(0.5B+0.8G)=1.2B+1.4G

Using the overlapping principle, where I represents people who have enrolled only for one activity and II represents number of people who have enrolled for two activities. 

We know that, I+II=250=B+GI+II=250=B+G

I+2II=1.2B+1.4GI+2II=1.2B+1.4G

Subtracting the two equations, 

II=0.2B+0.4GII=0.2B+0.4G

II=0.2(B+2G)II=0.2\left(B+2G\right)

Using B+G=250

II=0.2(250+G)II=0.2\left(250+G\right)

G can at-most be 150 and at least 110. 

So maximum value of II will be 0.2(250+150)=800.2\left(250+150\right)=80

Minimum value of II will be 0.2(250+110)=720.2\left(250+110\right)=72

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